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PHP新手上路(11)

[摘要]數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)鏈接 10. PHP最大的特色就是操作數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的能力特別的強(qiáng)大,PHP提供對(duì)多種數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的支持。   通過PHP你可以輕松的連接到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)并將其顯示在你的web站點(diǎn)中,甚至修改數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的數(shù)...
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)鏈接

10. PHP最大的特色就是操作數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的能力特別的強(qiáng)大,PHP提供對(duì)多種數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的支持。

  通過PHP你可以輕松的連接到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)并將其顯示在你的web站點(diǎn)中,甚至修改數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的數(shù)據(jù)。在這一節(jié)里我們主要以在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上跟PHP一起使用得最多的MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)為例,介紹一下相關(guān)的MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的操作函數(shù)以及數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的基本操作等方面的知識(shí)。

在MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中,我們用來連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的函數(shù)有兩個(gè),它們分別為:
integer mysql_connect(string host,string user,string password);
integer mysql_pconnect(string host,string user,string password);
mysql_connect函數(shù)和mysql_pconnect函數(shù)都是對(duì)指定主機(jī)上MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的連接,如果該數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)位于一個(gè)不同的端口,則可以在主機(jī)名后加上冒號(hào)和端口號(hào)。函數(shù)的參數(shù)也可以缺省不填,如果不填參數(shù),默認(rèn)的主機(jī)名是“l(fā)ocalhost”,用戶名為數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理員,默認(rèn)值為“root”,密碼為空。與數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接成功之后,這兩個(gè)函數(shù)都可以返回一個(gè)連接號(hào),如果連接失敗,則返回一個(gè)false值。讓我們來看看下面幾句語(yǔ)句:
<?
$db=mysql_connect("localhost","user","password");
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db);
?>
注釋:
$db=mysql_connect("localhost","user","password"); 我們將mysql的鏈接參數(shù),包括主機(jī)名、用戶名和密碼作為mysql_connect()的參數(shù),同時(shí)得到返回值為$db,這樣,在下面的語(yǔ)句中,我們就可以將變量$db作為一個(gè)連接mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的連接號(hào)來使用。
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db); 將PHP程序鏈接到mydb數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中,這樣程序與數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的鏈接就完成了。

10.1 一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)易的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)留言簿

  在完成數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的鏈接之后,我們就可以對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行一系列的操作。下面是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)易的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)留言簿程序(guestbook.php3):

  我假設(shè)你機(jī)子上的MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)以及管理MYSQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的工具 Phpmyadmin_2. 0.5都已經(jīng)安裝完成,并且可以正常工作。

我們要做的第一件事情是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)留言數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),假定名字為: mydb。

1、啟動(dòng)瀏覽器,打開Phpmyadmin_2. 0.5 的管理WEB界面。

2、在“Create new database”文本框內(nèi)輸入數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名稱mydb,然后按create按鍵。

  下一步,我們要在該留言數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)下創(chuàng)建一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)表,假定名字為: guestbook。

創(chuàng)建該數(shù)據(jù)表的命令如下所示:

CREATE TABLE guestbook (ID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, name CHAR(250), email CHAR(250), job CHAR(250), comments BLOB, PRIMARY KEY(ID));

最后,將下面的留言簿程序挎貝到你機(jī)子的可寫目錄下面,并保存成guestbook.php3文件。就這么簡(jiǎn)單,你已經(jīng)有了自己的留言簿了。

10.2 留言簿程序(guestbook.php3):

<?php
/* $host : your MySQL-host, usually 'localhost' */
/* $user : your MYSQL-username */
/* $password : your MySQL-password */
/* $database : your MySQL-database */
/* $table : your MySQL-table */
/* $page_title : the title of your guestbook-pages */
/* $admin_mail : email-address of the administrator to send the new entries to */
/* $admin_name : the name of the administrator */
/* $html_mail : say yes if your mail-agent can handle HTML-mail, else say no */

$host = "localhost";
$user = "";
$password = "";
$database = "mydb";
$table = "guestbook";
$page_title = "pert guestbook";
$admin_mail = "pert@21cn.com";
$admin_name = "Webmaster";
$html_mail = "no";

?>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE><?php echo $page_title; ?></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" LINK="#000000">
<FONT FACE="Verdana" SIZE="-2">
<?

/* connect to the database */
mysql_pconnect("$host","$user","$password") or die("Can't connect to the SQL-server");
mysql_select_db("$database");

/* action=view : retrieve data from the database and show it to the user */
if($action == "view") {

/* function for showing the data */
function search_it($name) {

/* some vars */
global $offset,$total,$lpp,$dir;
global $table,$html_mail,$admin_name,$admin_mail;

/* select the data to get out of the database */
$query = "SELECT name, email, job, comments FROM $table";
$result = mysql_query($query);
$total= mysql_numrows($result);

print "<CENTER><FONT FACE="Verdana" SIZE="-2"><A HREF="guestbook.php3?action=add" onMouseOver="window.status='Add your name';return true" onMouseOut="window.status='';return true" TITLE="Add your name">加入留言</A></FONT></CENTER><br><br>";

if ($total== 0) {
print "<CENTER>此刻沒人留言</CENTER><br><br>"; }

elseif ($total> 0) {

/* default */
$counter=0;
if ($dir=="") $dir="Next";
$lpp=5;
if ($offset==0) $offset=0;

if ($dir=="Next") {

if ($total > $lpp) {

$counter=$offset;
$offset+=$lpp;
$num=$offset;

if ($num > $total) {
$num=$total; } }

else {
$num=$total; } }

elseif ($dir=="Previous") {

if ($total > $lpp) {
$offset-=$lpp;

if ($offset < 0) {
$offset=0; }

$counter=$offset-$lpp;

if ($counter < 0)
$counter=0;
$num=$counter+$lpp; }

else {
$num=$total; } }

while ($counter < $num) {
$j=0;
$j=$counter + 1;

/* now really grab the data */
$i1=mysql_result($result,$counter,"name");
$i2=mysql_result($result,$counter,"email");
$i3=mysql_result($result,$counter,"job");
$i4=mysql_result($result,$counter,"comments");

$i4 = stripslashes ("$i4");

/* print it in a nice layout */
print "<CENTER>n";
print "<TABLE WIDTH=400 BORDER=0 ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP><TR><TD><FONT FACE="Verdana" SIZE="-2">n";
print "<HR>n";
print "<BR><B>Name:</B> $i1n";
print "<BR><B>email:</B><A HREF="mailto:$i2" onMouseOver="window.status='Email $i2';return true" onMouseOut="window.status='';return true" TITLE="Email $i2">$i2</A>n";
print "<BR><B>Job:</B> $i3n";
print "<BR><B>Comment:</B>n";
print "<BR>$i4n";
print "</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>n";
print "</CENTER>n";
$counter++;
}
}
mysql_close();
}

/* execute the function */
search_it($name);

/* See if we need to put on the NEXT or PREVIOUS buttons */
if ($total > $lpp) {
echo("<form action="$PHP_SCRIPT" method="POST">n");

/* See if we need a PREVIOUS button */
if ($offset > $lpp) {
echo("<input type="submit" value="Previous" name=dir>n"); }

/* See if we need a NEXT button */
if ($offset < $total) {
echo("<input type="submit" value="Next" name=dir>n"); }

echo("<input type=hidden name="offset" value="$offset">n");
echo("<input type=hidden name="name" value="$name">n");
echo("</form>");
}
}

/* action=add : show a form where the user can enter data to add to the database */
elseif($action == "add") { ?>

<TABLE WIDTH="460" ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="TOP">
<TH COLSPAN="2"><P>請(qǐng)您填寫留言</TH>
<FORM NAME="guestbook" ACTION="guestbook.php3?action=send" METHOD="POST">
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="TOP">
您的大名:</TD>
<TD><INPUT TYPE=text NAME=name></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="TOP">
您的E-mail:</TD>
<TD>
<INPUT TYPE=text NAME=email></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="TOP">
您的工作:</TD>
<TD>
<INPUT TYPE=text NAME=job></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="TOP">
您的留言:</TD>
<TD>
<TEXTAREA NAME=comments COLS=40 ROWS=6></TEXTAREA>
<P>
<INPUT TYPE=submit VALUE=Submit> <INPUT TYPE=Reset VALUE=Reset>
<A ALIGN="RIGHT" HREF="guestbook.php3?action=view" onMouseOver="window.status='Read all comments first';return true" onMouseOut="window.status='';return true" TITLE="Read all comments first"><FONT SIZE="-2">先觀看所有的留言</FONT></A>
</TD>
</TR>
</FORM>
</TABLE>
</CENTER>

<?
}

/* action=send : add the data from the user into the database */
elseif($action == "send") {

/* check if a HTML-mail should be send or a plain/text mail */
if($html_mail == "yes") {
mail("$admin_name <$admin_mail>","PHP3 Guestbook Addition","<HTML><BODY><FONT FACE="Century Gothic"><TABLE BORDER="0" WIDTH="100%" CELLSPACING="4"><TR>$name ($email) schreef het volgende bericht in het gastenboek :</TR><TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"> </TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" NOWRAP> </TD></TR><TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT">$comments</TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" NOWRAP> </TD></TR><TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"> </TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" NOWRAP> </TD></TR><TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT">您的留言:</TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" NOWRAP>$name</TD></TR><TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT">您的大名:</TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" NOWRAP>$email</TD></TR><TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT">您的email:</TD><TD ALIGN="LEFT" NOWRAP>$job</TD></TR><TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT">您的工作:</TD></TR></TABLE></BODY></FONT></HTML>", "From: $name <$email>nReply-To: $name <$email>nContent-type: text/htmlnX-Mailer: PHP/" . phpversion());
}


/* MySQL really hates it when you try to put things with ' or " characters into a database, so strip these...*/
$comments = addslashes ("$comments");
$query = "INSERT INTO guestbook VALUES('','$name', '$email', '$job', '$comments')";
$result = MYSQL_QUERY($query);

?>
<BR><P ALIGN = CENTER>感謝, <?php echo $name; ?>, 您的留言.
<BR><P ALIGN = CENTER><A HREF="guestbook.php3?action=view" onMouseOver="window.status='View your comment now';return true" onMouseOut="window.status='';return true" TITLE="View your comment now">觀看留言</A><BR><BR>
<?

}

/* if there's no action given, then we must show the main page */
else {

/* get the number of entries written into the guestbook*/
$query = "SELECT name from guestbook";
$result = MYSQL_QUERY($query);
$number = MYSQL_NUMROWS($result);

if ($number == "") {
$entry = "還沒有人留過言"; }

elseif ($number == "1") {
$entry = "目前留言人數(shù)1人"; }

else {
$entry = "目前留言人數(shù) $number 人"; }

echo "<CENTER><BR>";
echo "<P>$entry<BR>";
echo "<H4><FONT FACE="Verdana" SIZE="3"><A HREF="guestbook.php3?action=add" onMouseOver="window.status='請(qǐng)您留言';return true" onMouseOut="window.status='';return true" TITLE="Add your name to our guestbook">請(qǐng)您留言</A></FONT></H4>";

if ($number > "") {
echo "<H4><FONT FACE="Verdana" SIZE="3"><A HREF="guestbook.php3?action=view" onMouseOver="window.status='觀看留言';return true" onMouseOut="window.status='';return true" TITLE="View the names in our guestbook">觀看留言</A></FONT></H4>"; }
echo "</P></CENTER>";
}
?>
<BR><SMALL><CENTER>版權(quán)所有:<A onMouseOver="window.status='pert';return true" onMouseOut="window.status='';return true" TITLE="pert">無(wú)邊天際</A></CENTER></SMALL>
</FONT>
</BODY>
</HTML>

Hunte





標(biāo)簽:PHP新手上路(11)